Heating and Cooling systems

The heating and cooling system is the heart of the house. When buying a house, at least you need to know:

- what kind of heating and cooling system is in place?

- what condition it is now?

- how much does it cost to operate?

Heating system types:


The most common heating systems include:

1) Forced Warm Air (FWA)

This is the most common type of the heating system. A furnace heats air, and a blower sends the hot air through the house. Return vents and pipes bring the cool air back to the furnace to be heated. Furnaces have a capacity rated in BTU's, which are simply British Thermal Units. The number of BTU's given represents the furnace's heat output from either gas, oil or electric firing.

2) Steam heating system

This kind of system usually found in older homes. A furnace heats water until steam forms. The steam circulates through pipes into radiators in the rooms. As steam cools, it turns back into water, which then returns to the furnace.

3) Hot water heating

This system works like a steam heat, but instead of circulating steam, it circulates hot water that heats the rooms.

4) Baseboard / electric heating

This system uses heating elements placed along the baseboards of walls.

5) Radiant heating system

This type of system uses pipes built into the floor and/or walls to heat the rooms.

Energy Guide labels

Heating and cooling systems are some of the most important investments that can be made for the home. Buying a new house? Renovating an old one? Making an emergency purchase because the old one finally conked out? A lot depends on the choices you make. Comfort and safety are at stake, and so your money.


According to the Department of Energy (DOE), typically about 45 % of utility bills goes toward “space conditioning,” or heating and cooling a home. While the price of equipment and cost of repairs and maintenance are important to consider, do not forget about system operating costs. Hefty space conditioning costs may be lowered by choosing the most energy-efficient equipment that meets your needs and fits your budget.

The Federal Trade Commission, the nation’s consumer protection agency, wants you to know that it enforces the Appliance Labeling Rule, which requires EnergyGuide labels on certain appliances, including:
• room and central air conditioners,
• furnaces, boilers and heat pumps.
The labels let you know how energy efficient a model is compared to others like it.

Koi Pond Heaters

There are many reasons for heating your koi pond, maybe you just want to see your enjoy your pond in all seasons. Whatever your reason we just want to give you some insight to make it easy to accomplish. There is now new technology, energy efficient heaters being developed for pond heating. Therefore we recommend electric koi pond heaters, submersible heaters, heat exchangers and floating pond heaters.

Pond heating Considerations:

First you must determine whether you want to de-ice or actually heat your pond to a specific temperature. Deicers melt the ice to provide an opening for harmful gas exchange only. Heating your pond to obtain a specific temperature can be a bit technical, so if your not sure about the heater sizing we recommend that you contact our koi pond heating specialists. The outside low temperature is the key to your kilowatt requirements and unfortunately it can vary. Your heater output kilowatts are calculated based on your low ambient temperature and if your geographical area drops far below that normal low temperature a safety factor should be included in the calculations. We recommend submersible pond heaters for small to medium size ponds and energy efficient heat exchangers for large ponds

Koi Pond Information:

One period when koi keepers traditionally have their most difficult time with health problems is during the transition from winter to spring. As waters begin to warm up, pathogens are able to multiply at a more rapid rate than koi can defend themselves leading to an increase in the likelihood of disease. If a pond is heated over winter, then this risky period is removed from the koi owners. View info Pond Heaters

The major reasons for pond heater failures:

Pond water is usually high in calcium chloride and other minerals,this causes build up on heaters. In time the build up prevents heat transfer and the heater internally burns out. Our new technology completely eliminates any build up.

Salt additives to pond water eventually corrodes the heater surface. We have developed heaters that can’t be attacked chemically. The most popular cause of pond heater failure is low liquid burnout. Our new pond heaters don't burn from lack of liquid, they can run in air and will shut themselves down before burnout. Visit our web site Heating Your Pond.

By Kirk Rogers

Koi Pond Heating

There are many reasons for heating your koi pond,maybe you just want to see your enjoy your pond in all seasons.Whatever your reason we just want to give you some insight to make it easy to accomplish. There is now new technology,enery efficient heaters being developed for pond heating.Therefore we recommend electric koi pond heaters,submersible heaters,heat exchangers and floating pond heaters.Pond heating Considerations: First you must determine whether you want to de-ice or actually heat your pond to a specific temperature .Deicers melt the ice to provide an opening for harmful gas exchange only. Heating your pond to obtain a specific temperature can be a bit technical, so if your not sure about the heater sizing we recommend that you contact our koi pond heating specialists. The outside low temperature is the key to your kilowatt requirements and unfortunately it can vary. Your heater output kilowatts are calculated based on your low ambient temperature and if your geographical area drops far below that normal low temperature a safety factor should be included in the calculations.We recommend submersible pond heaters for small to medium size ponds and energy efficient heat exchangers for large ponds.

* Pond Heating: There are conditions that effect pond heaters and make it more difficult controlling pond temperature.

* Pond Waterfalls are used for aeration and beauty,but they cool the water and work against the heating process.

* Pond Water Depth a good designed koi pond should be at least three foot in depth,shallow large exposed surface area ponds are easily effected by wind chill factors and require larger pond heaters to maintain temperature.

Koi Pond Information: One period when koi keepers traditionally have their most difficult time with health problems is during the transition from winter to spring. As waters begin to warm up, pathogens are able to multiply at a more rapid rate than koi can defend themselves leading to an increase in the likelihood of disease. If a pond is heated over winter, then this risky period is removed from the koi owners.

Do not raise the koi's water temperature too fast. Parasites and bacteria can also grow more quickly in warm water. The fishes system takes time to adjust but the disease organisms do not. Raise the temperature from ambient at 3 - 5 degree intervals every 24 hours to 80 - 84 degrees Fahrenheit. Maintain a stable temperature with less than 2 degrees variable per day Treat with 0.3% salt and parasiticides or antibiotics during the adjustment period, and continue with medication if necessary until cure is affected. Maintain temp. for 4 - 6 weeks after cure, then slowly drop the temperature to match that of the pond water. This will ensure a stronger Koi and ease the fishes transition back to the pond.

By Kirk Rogers

The Importance of Keeping your Heat Exchanger Clean

Heat exchanger air water cleaning is an absolute necessity in order to keep your production system running smoothly. If your heat exchanger is not kept as clean as it should be, it will not be able to function properly and the heat exchange process will not take place efficiently. This will lead to significant problems down the line if it is not dealt with as soon as possible. However, simple cleaning alone will not suffice to keep everything in tiptop shape.

An air-to-water heat exchanger is highly specialized equipment intended to be used when ambient or air temperatures are higher than 130 degrees Fahrenheit. Industrial air conditioners are unable to cool machinery when the ambient temperature is at that level, because the refrigerant their compressors produce is at around 150 degrees Fahrenheit, and there is too little difference between the two temperatures for the refrigerant to do its job. In cases such as these, air-to-water heat exchangers come into play. They bring the enclosure interior below the temperature of the ambient air so that the equipment can function properly.

At its most basic, heat exchanger air water cleaning is simply making certain that both the air and the water utilized to dissipate the heat from your process system are kept clean. If for instance the mechanism of your system that brings in the air is a cooling tower, you will have to realize that when it brings the air into your system, all the debris that happens to be in the air will enter the system along with it. This debris can then enter the system, build up within it, and restrict proper operation – and eventually cause a malfunction, perhaps even a serious one. So simply keeping your heat exchanger system clean would appear to be the solution to this problem.

However, critics have compared this to taking a cold tablet when one has a cold, and with good reason. While cleaning the heat-exchange system will ensure that it is free of anything that could cause problems, it does nothing whatsoever to prevent the problem from recurring, especially in areas where there is plenty of debris that could potentially cause some sort of jam. In that sense, simple cleaning will not be enough.

The ultimate solution, then, would be to install excellent filtration technology to keep the debris from entering the system in the first place, and combine this with diligent cleaning.

So ensure that you install the proper filters and filtration technology and religiously perform your heat exchanger air water cleaning operations to enable your entire system to function optimally.

By Sabrina Rocca

Cleaning Your Heat Exchanger Tubes

Cleaning your heat exchanger tubes is a job anyone can do if they know how. If you are a do it yourselfer then you should have no trouble with this task.

There are several methods to clean exchanger tubes. Here are a few of them; one is to use chemicals for the cleaning. Another is to use high-pressure water system. One last method is to employ mechanical cleaning using brushes, scrapers and abrasive balls. These are the best ways to clean the tubes.

Regular cleaning of the exchanger tubes should prolong the life of the entire unit. It will help it work at its maximum efficiency as well.

Many people use a heat exchanger system to heat their swimming pools these days. Having the ability to clean your own exchanger tubes would be a good way to save money and keep your system in top working order.

It would be beneficial to clean the exchanger tubes every few months. At least inspect them to see if they need to be cleaned. If they do not need to be cleaned, and then make sure that, they are thoroughly cleaned twice a year.

In order to clean the exchanger tubes properly, they must be removed from the system. Remove any loose material that is near the ends of the tubes and inside them as well. Use a brush and push it down the tube to get the cleaning started. The brush should have good strong nylon bristles. This helps to loosen and remove any loose materials inside.

During this brushing process, you may find that there is some material stuck to the sidewall of the exchanger tube. A plastic or metal scraper will help to remove anything that is stuck to the wall. Be careful not to damage the tube. Do not use a scraper that is harder than the material of the wall of the tube.

Try not to scratch the wall of the exchanger tubes as it could cause the tube to not function as well as it should because particles could stick to the scratches in the tube. Therefore, a plastic scraper would be best.

As a last step in cleaning the exchanger tubes, you could use a water jet to force out any loose particles that were missed with the previous methods. If you have any calcium deposits on the tubes then you will need chemicals to remove them.

Now you have the basics for cleaning your exchanger tubes. Gather as much information as possible before tackling this do it yourself job.

By M. Applebaum
(ArticlesBase SC #720822)